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Software Defined Netorking

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SDN (Software Defined Networking) Networking devices have two functional planes of operation Control plane Data plane Direct programmable Configuration is different than forwarding Agile Changes can be made dynamically Centrally managed - Global view, single pane of glass Programmatically configured Orchestration - No human intervention Open standards / vendor neutral A standard interface to the network Distributed switching Remove the physical segmentation A virtual network distributed across all physical platforms When a VM moves, the network doesn't change Servers will always connect to the right VLAN
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Unicasts, Multicasts, and Broadcasts

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Unicast One station sending information to another station Send information between two systems Web surfing, file transfers Does not scale optimally for streaming media Multicast Delivery of information to interested systems One to many Multimedia delivery, stock exchanges Very specialized Difficult to scale across large networks Broadcast Send information to everyone at once One packet, received by everyone Limited scope - the broadcast domain Routing updates, ARP requests Not used in IPv6 - focus on multicast
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IPv4 Addresses

Networking with IPv4 IP Address, e.g., 192.168.1.165 Every device needs a unique IP address Subnet mask, e.g., 255.255.255.0 Used by the local device to determine what subnet it's on The subnet mask isn't (usually) transmitted across the network You'll ask for the subnet mask all the time What's the subnet mask of this network? Default gateway, e.g., 192.168.1.1 The router that allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet The default gateway must be an IP address on the local subnet Special IPv4 addresses Loopback address An address to yourself Ranges from 127.0.0.1 through 127.255.255.254 An easy way to self-reference (ping 127.0.0.1) Reserved addresses Set aside for future use or testing 240.0.0.1 through 254.255.255.254 Virtual IP addresses (VIP) Not associated with a physical network adapter Virtual machine, internal router address
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