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Software Defined Netorking

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SDN (Software Defined Networking) Networking devices have two functional planes of operation Control plane Data plane Direct programmable Configuration is different than forwarding Agile Changes can be made dynamically Centrally managed - Global view, single pane of glass Programmatically configured Orchestration - No human intervention Open standards / vendor neutral A standard interface to the network Distributed switching Remove the physical segmentation A virtual network distributed across all physical platforms When a VM moves, the network doesn't change Servers will always connect to the right VLAN
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Unicasts, Multicasts, and Broadcasts

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Unicast One station sending information to another station Send information between two systems Web surfing, file transfers Does not scale optimally for streaming media Multicast Delivery of information to interested systems One to many Multimedia delivery, stock exchanges Very specialized Difficult to scale across large networks Broadcast Send information to everyone at once One packet, received by everyone Limited scope - the broadcast domain Routing updates, ARP requests Not used in IPv6 - focus on multicast
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Classful Subnetting and IPv4 Subnet Masks

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Classful Subnetting Very specific subnetting architecture Not used since 1993 But still referenced in casual conversation Used as a starting point when subnetting Standard values The construction of a subnet Network address The first IP address of a subnet -Set all host bits to 0 (0 decimal) First usable host address One number higher than the network address Network broadcast address The last IP address of a subnet - Set all host bits to 1 (255 decimal) Last usable host address One number lower than the broadcast address
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