Networking with IPv4 IP Address, e.g., 192.168.1.165 Every device needs a unique IP address Subnet mask, e.g., 255.255.255.0 Used by the local device to determine what subnet it's on The subnet mask isn't (usually) transmitted across the network You'll ask for the subnet mask all the time What's the subnet mask of this network? Default gateway, e.g., 192.168.1.1 The router that allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet The default gateway must be an IP address on the local subnet Special IPv4 addresses Loopback address An address to yourself Ranges from 127.0.0.1 through 127.255.255.254 An easy way to self-reference (ping 127.0.0.1) Reserved addresses Set aside for future use or testing 240.0.0.1 through 254.255.255.254 Virtual IP addresses (VIP) Not associated with a physical network adapter Virtual machine, internal router address
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